前言
本篇介绍Spring Jdbc模板的使用。
项目搭建
利用Maven新建一个Javaweb项目,结构如下:
在pom.xml配置文件中添加依赖:
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| <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.21</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
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在MySQL中新建test
数据库,在其中新建表account
,其中包含name
(varchar)和money
(double)两个字段:
在/src/test/java/jdbc
目录下新建domain
文件夹,里面新建Account
类:
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| public class Account { private String name; private double money;
public String getName() { return name; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
public double getMoney() { return money; }
public void setMoney(double money) { this.money = money; }
@Override public String toString() { return "Account{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", money=" + money + '}'; } }
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在/src/test/java/jdbc
目录新建test
文件夹,里面编写JdbcTemplateTest
测试类:
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| import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;
public class JdbcTemplateTest {
@Test public void test1() throws PropertyVetoException { ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource(); dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"); dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"); dataSource.setUser("root"); dataSource.setPassword("root"); JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(); jdbcTemplate.setDataSource(dataSource); int row = jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account values(?,?)","HuaZhu",8000); System.out.println(row); } }
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说明:
- 首先创建数据源对象( ComboPooledDataSource)
- 然后创建JdbcTemplate对象,绑定数据源
- 最后执行操作
运行测试代码:
可以看到控制台打印输出“1”:
数据库的account表刷新后看到更新数据:
Spring生成JdbcTemplate对象
可以将JdbcTemplate
的创建权交给Spring,将数据源DataSource
的创建权也交给Spring,在Spring容器内部将数据源DataSource
注入到JdbcTemplate
模版对象中。
在/src/test/resources
目录下新建applicationContext.xml
配置文件:
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| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"></property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="root"></property> </bean>
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean>
</beans>
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在其中创建数据源对象和jdbc模板对象,并将数据源注入到jdbc模板中
在JdbcTemplateTest
测试类中编写测试方法:
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| public class JdbcTemplateTest { @Test public void test2() { ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = app.getBean(JdbcTemplate.class); int row = jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account values(?,?)","HuaZhu",10000); System.out.println(row); } }
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执行测试方法,可以看到数据库更新结果:
当然也可以将数据源配置与applicationContext.xml
抽离开来,在在/src/test/resources
目录下新建jdbc.properties
配置文件:
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| jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=root
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更改applicationContext.xml
配置文件:
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| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> </bean>
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean>
</beans>
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基本操作
这里利用Spring集成Junit测试进行操作。
在/src/test/java/jdbc/test
,里面编写jdbcTemplateCRUDTest
测试类:
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| import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class jdbcTemplateCRUDTest {
@Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
}
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更新操作
jdbcTemplate.update (sql,params)
增添
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| @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class jdbcTemplateCRUDTest {
@Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Test public void testUpdate() { jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account values(?,?)","ZhangSan",1000); } }
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刷新数据库,可以看到插入结果:
修改
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| @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class jdbcTemplateCRUDTest {
@Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Test public void testUpdate() { jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=? where name=?",500,"ZhangSan"); }
}
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刷新数据库,可以看到修改结果:
删除
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| @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class jdbcTemplateCRUDTest {
@Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Test public void testDelete() { jdbcTemplate.update("delete from account where name=?","ZhangSan"); }
}
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刷新数据库,可以看到删除结果:
查询操作
jdbcTemplate.query (sql,Mapper,params)
jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,Mapper,params)
查询全部对象
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| @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class jdbcTemplateCRUDTest {
@Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Test public void testQueryAll() { List<Account> accountList = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class)); System.out.println(accountList); }
}
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说明:之前写过一个Account
类,将查询的结果直接封装为Account对象的集合
查询结果如下:
查询单个对象
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| @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class jdbcTemplateCRUDTest {
@Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Test public void testQueryOne() { Account account = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from account where money=?", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class), 8000); System.out.println(account); }
}
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查询工资为8000的员工,查询结果如下:
聚合查询
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| @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class jdbcTemplateCRUDTest {
@Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Test public void testQueryCount() { Long count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select count(*) from account", Long.class); System.out.println(count); }
}
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查询员工总数,查询结果如下:
后记
无