SSM项目快速建立

发表于 2022-01-19 更新于 2023-04-01 分类于学习笔记阅读次数：

本文字数： 22k 阅读时长 ≈ 20 分钟

完整的SSM框架项目搭建

前言

SSM框架阶段性学习后，从头到尾搭建一个项目，记录过程。

项目环境：

IDEA：2020.1

jdk：1.8

tomcat：9.0.37

Maven：3.6.1

MySQL：8.0.20

原始方式整合

首先创建一个Maven项目，目录如下：

创建test数据库，在其中创建account表，设置id（int，主键、自增）、name（varchar）和money（double）字段：

配置pom.xml的依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>ssm</name>
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <configuration>
          <source>6</source>
          <target>6</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <dependencies>
    <!--spring相关-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
      <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
      <version>1.8.7</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--servlet和jsp-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--mybatis相关-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.4.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>8.0.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--junit测试-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

</project>

在/src/main/java/ssm/domain目录下编写Account类：

public class Account {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Double money;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

在/src/main/java/ssm/mapper目录下编写接口AccountMapper：

import ssm.domain.Account;
import java.util.List;

public interface AccountMapper {
    public void save(Account account);
    public List<Account> findAll();
}

在/src/main/java/ssm/service目录下编写接口AccountService：

import ssm.domain.Account;
import java.util.List;

public interface AccountService {
    public void save(Account account);
    public List<Account> findAll();
}

在/src/main/java/ssm/service/impl目录下编写AccountServiceImpl实现类：

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import ssm.domain.Account;
import ssm.mapper.AccountMapper;
import ssm.service.AccountService;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    @Override
    public void save(Account account) {
        try {
            InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
            SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
            AccountMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountMapper.class);
            mapper.save(account);
            sqlSession.commit();
            sqlSession.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        try {
            InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
            SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
            AccountMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountMapper.class);
            List<Account> accountList = mapper.findAll();
            sqlSession.close();
            return accountList;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
}

在/src/main/java/ssm/controller目录下编写AccountController类：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import ssm.domain.Account;
import ssm.service.AccountService;

import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

    @Autowired
    private AccountService accountService;

    //保存
    @RequestMapping(value = "/save", produces = "text/html;charest=UTF-8")
    @ResponseBody
    public String save(Account account) {
        accountService.save(account);
        return "保存成功！";
    }

    //查询
    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public ModelAndView findAll() {
        List<Account> accountList = accountService.findAll();
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("accountList",accountList);
        modelAndView.setViewName("accountList");
        return modelAndView;
    }
}

在/src/main/webapp目录下编写index.jsp页面：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>Hello World!</h2>
</body>
</html>

在/src/main/webapp目录下编写save.jsp页面：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>添加账户信息表单</h1>
    <form name="accountForm" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/account/save" method="post">
        账户名称：<input type="text" name="name"><br>
        账户金额：<input type="text" name="money"><br>
        <input type="submit" value="保存"><br>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

在/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/pages目录下编写accountList.jsp页面：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>展示账户数据</h1>
    <table border="1">
        <tr>
            <th>账户id</th>
            <th>账户名称</th>
            <th>账户金额</th>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach items="${accountList}" var="account">
            <tr>
                <td>${account.id}</td>
                <td>${account.name}</td>
                <td>${account.money}</td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

在/src/main/resources目录下编写jdbc.properties配置文件：

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

在/src/main/resources目录下编写log4j.properties配置文件：

#
# Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java
#
# License: GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), version 2.1 or later.
# See the lgpl.txt file in the root directory or <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.html>.
#

### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.err
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

### direct messages to file hibernate.log ###
#log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
#log4j.appender.file.File=hibernate.log
#log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###

log4j.rootLogger=all, stdout

在/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF目录下编写web.xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

    <!--配置spring监听器-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!--配置springmvc的前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--乱码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

在/src/main/resources目录下编写applicationContext.xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--组件扫描 扫描service和mapper-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="ssm">
        <!--排除controller的扫描-->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    
</beans>

在/src/main/resources目录下编写spring-mvc.xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--组件扫描 主要扫描controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="ssm.controller"></context:component-scan>

    <!--配置mvc注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!--内部资源视图解析器-->
    <bean id="resourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--开放静态资源访问权限-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler></mvc:default-servlet-handler>

</beans>

在/src/main/resources/ssm/mapper目录下编写AccountMapper.xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="ssm.mapper.AccountMapper">

    <insert id="save" parameterType="account">
        insert into account values(#{id},#{name},#{money})
    </insert>

    <select id="findAll" resultType="account">
        select * from account
    </select>

</mapper>

在/src/main/resources目录下编写sqlMapConfig.xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!--加载properties文件-->
    <properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties>

    <!--定义别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <!--<typeAlias type="ssm.domain.Account" alias="account"></typeAlias>-->
        <!--扫包的方式（包下所有的实体都赋予别名：类名小写）-->
        <package name="ssm.domain"></package>
    </typeAliases>

    <!--数据源环境-->
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--加载映射-->
    <mappers>
        <!--<mapper resource="ssm/mapper/AccountMapper.xml"></mapper>-->
        <!--扫包方式-->
        <package name="ssm.mapper"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

配置tomcat，启动服务。

浏览器访问：localhost:8080/save.jsp

如图添加信息，提交表单，刷新数据库，可以看到信息已添加：

浏览器访问：localhost:8080/account/findAll

展示用户数据（如下图）

Spring整合MyBatis

将Session工厂交给Spring容器管理，从容器中获得执行操作的Mapper实例
将事务的控制交给Spring容器进行声明式事务控制

在同一目录下复制sqlMapConfig.xml配置文件，并重命名为sqlMapConfig-spring.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!--定义别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <!--<typeAlias type="ssm.domain.Account" alias="account"></typeAlias>-->
        <!--扫包的方式（包下所有的实体都赋予别名：类名小写）-->
        <package name="ssm.domain"></package>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

编写AccountServiceImpl实现类：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import ssm.domain.Account;
import ssm.mapper.AccountMapper;
import ssm.service.AccountService;

import java.util.List;

@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {

    @Autowired
    private AccountMapper accountMapper;

    @Override
    public void save(Account account) {
        accountMapper.save(account);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        return accountMapper.findAll();
    }
}

编写applicationContext.xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--组件扫描 扫描service和mapper-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="ssm">
        <!--排除controller的扫描-->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!--加载properties文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"></context:property-placeholder>

    <!--配置数据源信息-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置sessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        <!--加载mybatis核心文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:sqlMapConfig-spring.xml"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--扫描mapper所在的包 为mapper创建实现类-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="ssm.mapper"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--声明式事物控制-->
    <!--平台事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置事务增强-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!--事务的aop织入-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* ssm.service.impl.*.*(..))"></aop:advisor>
    </aop:config>

</beans>

重新启动tomcat服务，进行测试。

后记

学一遍懵懵的，前面好多东西还得复习。

关于aop（面向切面编程）的内容以后有时间补充。